Space engineers increase ore detector range

#SPACE ENGINEERS INCREASE ORE DETECTOR RANGE MANUAL#
#SPACE ENGINEERS INCREASE ORE DETECTOR RANGE SOFTWARE#

The mass absorption coefficient of pyrite is almost twice the value of quartz therefore, microabsorption effects are likely to affect the analysis if samples are not properly ground. The materials in this study are highly complex as they contain hard minerals, such as quartz and pyrite, and soft minerals, such as phyllosilicates, sphalerite and chalcopyrite. The accuracy of the Rietveld results depends also on (1) particles statistic, (2) degree of overlap with peaks from other phases, (3) preferential orientation, (4) overgrinding and (5) microabsorption.Дeviation from expected results can be attributed to incorrect Rietveld structural models and refinement strategy, but most importantly, on sample preparation. A SNR > 10 is the minimum prerequisite to accurately quantify a mineral in a mixture. The limit of detection is approximately 120 net counts, as calculated from LOD =. Chalcopyrite is the main copper ore mineral and it varies between 0.5 wt% and 1.9 wt%, which is well above the limit of detection, see Figure 3. The variation over time of the chalcopyrite content as well as other relevant minerals included in the Rietveld analysis is shown in Figure 6. The flotation parameters, the surfactant selection and surfactant amount can therefore be optimized based on such quantities. The most prominent difference in the ore blends is the type of gangue mineralogy, characterized by the amount of pyrite and chamosite, Figure 5. The visualization of the Rietveld results of different ore blends over time allows the plants to assess and control the mineral variability of the feed used in the flotation cell. One advantage of Rietveld refinement over classical straight line calibration method is the proper intensity extractions of overlapping peaks, such as chalcopyrite peak at 2Оё = 34.2В° and gypsum peak at 2Оё = 34.0В°, see Figure 3. With a background count of 1680 counts and a peak intensity of 572 counts, the chalcopyrite diffraction peak has a signal-to-noise ratio SNR в‰€ 14.4, which passes the criteria of limit of detection (SNR) LOD = 3 and limit of quantification (SNR) LOQ = 10. The latter peak is due to the diffraction of KО± = 1.79 Г… X-rays and chalcopyrite atomic planes with distance d = 3.03 Г… (space group I-42d, a = b = 5.290 Г… and c = 10.426 Г…, miller indexes h = 1, k = 1 and l = 2). Vertical bars show diffraction peaks of chalcopyrite CuFeS 2, including its most intense peak at 2Оё = 34.2В°. Chalcopyrite contains 34.6% of copper and the back-calculated copper content from Rietveld analysis is 0.16 wt%, in agreement with ICP results. Minerals Present in the Blends, Tailings and ConcentratesДЇor the tailing sample, the copper concentration is Cu = 0.16 wt% as determined by ICP, while the chalcopyrite is 0.45 wt% as determined by automatic Rietveld refinement.

#SPACE ENGINEERS INCREASE ORE DETECTOR RANGE MANUAL#

The results were verified by executing manual Rietveld refinements in HighScore Plus.

#SPACE ENGINEERS INCREASE ORE DETECTOR RANGE SOFTWARE#

The Rietveld routines were created with HighScore Plus and executed by software RoboRiet 4.8, a dedicated implementation of Rietveld quantification for automation projects. More than 10 other minerals were identified, but are mainly present in minor amounts, e.g., tennantite, galena, arsenopyrite, dolomite, gypsum, marcasite and chalcocite. The identified mineral phases are reported in Table 2, together with their averaged weight percentages as determined by the Rietveld refinement. The phase identification was performed on specific, representative XRD scans selected by cluster analysis, which will be covered in the results section. The phase identification was done with the HighScore Plus software package version 4.8 (Malvern Panalytical B.V., Almelo, The Netherland) and the ICDD PDF-4 database (accessed on 3 March 2021).

Space engineers increase ore detector range